NEW YORK—The Federal Reserve Bank of New York and the NYC Department of Consumer Affairs (DCA) Office of Financial Empowerment (OFE) today announced the findings of Student Loan Borrowing Across NYC Neighborhoods (the Report), the first neighborhood-level examination of student loan outcomes. The Report's findings show that although New Yorkers' delinquency and default rates are slightly lower than the national average, certain NYC neighborhoods are experiencing significantly higher rates of delinquency and default despite the fact that their residents have low average loan balances. These higher levels of student debt delinquency and default also tended to be among older borrowers and those in lower-income neighborhoods. In January, OFE will launch student loan clinics in targeted neighborhoods to offer resources for New Yorkers concerned about their student debt.
"We cannot ignore the impact student loans have on our communities," said DCA Commissioner Lorelei Salas. "Some students leave school with costly loans that they cannot afford, causing them to fall victim to a cycle of debt that can be very challenging to overcome. This report will help the City target our outreach and educational efforts to those neighborhoods that need our help the most. I encourage all New Yorkers who are concerned about their student loans to visit one of our student loan clinics this January to learn about ways to tackle student debt, consider options for enrolling in repayment plans, and improve their credit."
"Today's report reveals considerable variation in student loan repayment success across New York City neighborhoods. Especially noteworthy is our observation that lower balance and older borrowers typically struggle the most, especially in lower-income neighborhoods," said Joelle Scally, Administrator of the Center for Microeconomic Data at the New York Fed. "Understanding where struggling borrowers live and their financial circumstances is critical to informing how to direct resources."
In partnership with OFE, the New York Fed analyzed data to examine student loan participation rates, average balances, borrower characteristics, and repayment outcomes across the five boroughs. The analysis is based on data from the New York Fed's Consumer Credit Panel, a nationally representative sample of individual- and household-level debt and credit records drawn from anonymized Equifax credit data. The Report was developed to provide policymakers and community leaders with the information needed for effective, targeted interventions to ease the burden for New Yorkers struggling with student debt.
The student loan clinics that OFE will launch this January in targeted neighborhoods will include free access to confidential one-on-one financial counseling with a financial counseling professional from one of the NYC Financial Empowerment Centers and legal aid professionals will be onsite to provide assistance as needed. OFE is also developing an updated suite of resources to help New Yorkers understand their options for financing college and repaying their student loans.
Additional key findings from the Report include:
There are key similarities and differences in student debt outcomes at the NYC-level compared to the national level:
- Approximately 15% of NYC adults have a student loan, owing a collective student loan balance of $34.8 billion. By comparison, approximately 18% of U.S. adults have a student loan with a collective student loan balance of roughly $1.3 trillion.
- NYC borrowers tend to have higher median balances than Americans overall. However, New Yorkers' delinquency and default rates are slightly lower than the national average. This reflects the concentration of individuals in NYC with advanced degrees who are managing their debt more successfully than the average American borrower.
- There is significant diversity across NYC neighborhoods with high-balance borrowers in Manhattan faring better than low-balance borrowers in the Bronx. This may reflect variation in degree completion rates, degree quality, and differences in current income levels and in family background and resources.
- NYC borrowers 45 years old and older have higher student loan delinquency rates than younger borrowers.
- Borrowers with low balances tend to have higher rates of student loan delinquency and default.
- Delinquency rates among borrowers in the lowest income quintile neighborhoods were 20%, with over half of those borrowers in default. In the highest income quintile neighborhoods, the delinquency rate is less than half that, under 10%.
- More than 50% of borrowers in higher income areas are making payments and reducing their student loan balances, while only about 25% in the lowest income areas are reducing their balances and making on-time payments.
- Among NYC boroughs, the Bronx had the highest rates of student loan distress, as measured by delinquency and default, followed by Brooklyn.
- Three of the five neighborhoods with the highest percentage of borrowers with delinquent student loans were in the Bronx, and the other two were in Brooklyn. Four of the five neighborhoods with the highest default rates were in the Bronx, and the fifth was in Brooklyn.
- Manhattan had the highest student loan balances and ranked in the middle of the five boroughs for percentage of borrowers with student loans. It also had the highest share of residents with a college degree.
- These findings together point to higher levels of educational attainment, a higher ability to repay, and a greater likelihood of being able to finance higher education without loans.
- Staten Island had the lowest share of borrowers with seriously delinquent student loan debt (90 or more days) and it had the lowest median student loan balance as a percentage of household income.
- Queens had the second smallest share of delinquent borrowers and second lowest median student loan balance as a percentage of household income, 25%, compared to 20% in Staten Island.
Contacts
Betsy Bourassa
Federal Reserve Bank of New York
(212) 720-6885
Betsy.bourassa@ny.frb.org
Abigail Lootens / Christine Gianakis
Department of Consumer Affairs
(212) 436-0042
press@dca.nyc.gov
