Authors: Fatih Karahan and Serena Rhee
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Staff Reports
Population Aging, Migration Spillovers, and the Decline in Interstate Migration
November
2014 Number 699
Revised April 2017
Revised April 2017
JEL classification: D83, J11, J24, J61, R12, R23
We investigate the role of the aging of the U.S. population in the decline in interstate migration since the mid-1980s. Using an instrumental variables strategy on cross-state data, we show that an aging workforce causes the migration rates of all age groups in a state to drop. This demonstrates that the effect of aging on migration includes indirect effects that go beyond the direct effect of raising the workforce share of groups with lower migration rates. We then develop an island model in which firms can hire workers either locally or from other locations, and show that an aging population leads firms to recruit more locally. This improves the local job prospects of all workers, which causes migration rates of all age groups to fall, consistent with our empirical findings. Our quantitative analysis suggests that this channel accounts for around half the migration decline, substantially more than what would be predicted solely by the direct effect.
60 pages / 12.9 mbTools
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