NEW YORK – The Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Center for Microeconomic Data today issued its Quarterly Report on Household Debt and Credit, which shows that total household debt increased by $192 billion (1.4%) to $13.86 trillion in the second quarter of 2019. It was the 20th consecutive quarter with an increase, and the total is now $1.2 trillion higher, in nominal terms, than the previous peak of $12.68 trillion in the third quarter of 2008. The Report is based on data from the New York Fed’s Consumer Credit Panel, a nationally representative sample of individual- and household-level debt and credit records drawn from anonymized Equifax credit data.
Mortgage balances—the largest component of household debt—rose by $162 billion in the second quarter to $9.4 trillion, surpassing the high of $9.3 trillion in the third quarter of 2008. Mortgage originations, which include mortgage refinances, also increased by $130 billion to $474 billion, the highest volume seen since the third quarter of 2017.
Meanwhile, the share of credit card balances transitioning into 90+ day delinquency rose to 5.2% from 5.0% last quarter, at an annual rate, continuing an upward trend that began in 2017.
“While nominal mortgage balances are now slightly above the previous peak seen in the third quarter of 2008, mortgage delinquencies and the average credit profile of mortgage borrowers have continued to improve,” said Wilbert van der Klaauw, senior vice president at the New York Fed. “The data suggest a more nuanced picture for other forms of household debt, with credit card delinquency rates continuing to rise.”
The New York Fed also issued an accompanying blog post that takes a deeper dive into the measurement of, and recent changes in, delinquency rates by loan type.
The Report includes a one-page summary of key takeaways and their supporting data points. Overarching trends from the Report’s summary include:
Housing Debt
- Mortgage delinquencies continue to improve, with 0.9% of mortgage balances 90 or more days delinquent, down from 1.0% in the last quarter.
- Transitions from early delinquency improved as well, as 10.5% of mortgages in early delinquency (30-60 days late) transitioned to 90+ days delinquent, the lowest rate observed since 2005. The share of mortgages in early delinquency that “cured” was 43.0%, which is a continuation of the improvement seen since 2006.
Non-Housing Debt
- Outstanding student debt declined slightly, to $1.48 trillion from $1.49 trillion, a typical change in Q2.
- Newly originated auto loans totaled $155 billion, a $16 billion increase from the previous quarter.
- Credit card balances increased, to $868 billion from $848 billion last quarter.
Bankruptcy Notations, Collection Accounts, and Credit Inquiries
- About 232,000 consumers had a bankruptcy notation added to their credit reports in the second quarter of 2019, an increase from the 225,000 in the second quarter of 2018.
- The number of credit inquiries within the past six months—an indicator of consumer credit demand—was at 139 million, roughly unchanged from the previous quarter.
Household Debt and Credit Developments as of Q2 2019
Category |
Quarterly Change* (Billions $) |
Annual Change** (Billions $) |
Total as of Q2 2019 (Trillions $) |
| Mortgage Debt | (+) $162 | (+) $407 | $9.41 |
| Home Equity Line of Credit | (-) $7 | (-) $33 | $0.40 |
| Student Debt | (-) $8 | (+) $73 | $1.48 |
| Auto Debt | (+) $17 | (+) $59 | $1.30 |
| Credit Card Debt | (+) $20 | (+) $39 | $0.87 |
| Other | (+) $8 | (+) $22 | $0.41 |
| Total Debt | (+) $192 | (+) $567 | $13.86 |
*Change from Q1 2019 to Q2 2019
**Change from Q2 2018 to Q2 2019
Flow into Serious Delinquency (90 days or more delinquent) 1
Category 2 |
Q1 2019 | Q2 2019 |
| Mortgage Debt | 1.10% | 1.04% |
| Home Equity Line of Credit | 0.85% | 0.72% |
| Student Debt 3 | 9.38%* | 9.89% |
| Auto Debt | 2.36% | 2.34% |
| Credit Card Debt | 5.04% | 5.17% |
| Other | 4.88% | 4.77% |
| All | 2.35% | 2.37% |
*Revised from previous report
1 Annualized as a four-quarter moving sum.
2 Rates represent annualized shares of balances transitioning into delinquency. Flow into serious delinquency is computed as the balances that have newly become at least 90 days late in the reference quarter divided by the balances that were current of less than 90 days past due in the previous quarter.
3 As explained in a previous report, delinquency rates for student loans are likely to understate effective delinquency rates because about half of these loans are currently in deferment, in grace periods or in forbearance and therefore temporarily not in the repayment cycle. This implies that among loans in the repayment cycle delinquency rates are roughly twice as high.
About the Report
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s Household Debt and Credit Report provides unique data and insight into the credit conditions and activity of U.S. consumers. Based on data from the New York Fed's Consumer Credit Panel, a nationally representative sample drawn from anonymized Equifax credit data, the report provides a quarterly snapshot of household trends in borrowing and indebtedness, including data about mortgages, student loans, credit cards, auto loans and delinquencies. The report aims to help community groups, small businesses, state and local governments and the public to better understand, monitor and respond to trends in borrowing and indebtedness at the household level. Sections of the report are presented as interactive graphs on the New York Fed’s Household Debt and Credit Report web page and the full report is available for download.
